RECRUITMENT
RECRUITMENT
Recruitment is the process of identifying and encouraging
potential applicants in filling the existing or future job vacancy in an
organisation. In the recruitment process, effort is put into informing
applicants about the qualification requirements in performing a job, as well as
job opportunities that are offered by an organisation to its workers.
Recruitment that will be made, whether internally or
externally, depends on the supply of existing personnel, the organisation’s
human resource policy and important matters involved in a particular job.
1. Internal Recruitment
Internal candidate who are most qualified have to be
identified so that no issues will arise regarding regulations and laws, and at
the same time is able to fulfil the organisation’s needs and employees
aspirations.
The effectiveness of internal sources is able to be
further strengthened by giving the opportunity to employees who feel that they
are qualified to apply for the position offered. Internal candidates who are
suitable can be detected through the human resource information system and job
posting and bidding.
(a) Human Resource Information System (HRIS)
Information technology enables an organisation to create
a database that contains records and qualifications of each of its employees. A
manager can obtain information about candidates and identify those who have
potential to fill the position offered.
The existing data can also be used to forecast employees’
career path and predict when and where the opportunity for promotion will be
announced.
However, the data has to be updated and there has to be a
systematic method to update the data.
(b) Job Vacancy Advertisement and Vacancy
Job advertisement and vacancy mean that the management
announces the existence of a job vacancy while at the same time retains the
name list of employees who are trying for a better position. The announcement
can be made via the bulletin board, the organisation’s bulletin, special
handouts, announcement through public address, and other appropriate methods.
Sometimes announcements can also be made through computer
systems such as e-mails.
Job vacancy advertisement methods can also be seen as
beneficial when employees are confident regarding the fairness of the system.
It is more effective when these methods are seen as part of the career
development programme for employees.
Among the advantages of recruiting from within the
organisation, are:
(i) Most organisations give priorities to existing
employees to fill in the vacant positions which are higher than their current
positions. The offer to fill in a certain position or job is considered as
promotion.
Through this, organisations can get back the returns from
recruitment, selection, training and development that have been initiated to in
their employees.
(ii) A promotion in an organisation can act as a reward
for an employee’s performance. The result is to increase in employee morale and
motivation.
(iii) By recruiting the existing employees in an
organisation, costs related to orientation and training can be reduced. This is
because employees are already familiar to the organisation’s working
environment.
2. External Recruitment
There are many sources and places where an organisation
can recruit employees from the outside. However, the source of recruiting
professional and skilful employees such as accountants are not the same as the
source of recruiting skilled employees such as a flour mixer operator in a
bread factory.
Among the sources of external recruitment are:
(a) Advertising
Advertising is the most popular source of attracting
applicants. The advertising mediums that are often used by organisations are
newspapers, radio, posters, billboards, television e-mails and business
journals. The types of advertisements used by the organisation usually depend
on the types of job vacancies that need to be filled, and the type of labor
market. It also depends on the cost that organisation is willing to bear.
(b) Internal Application
Organisations often receive applications from internal
candidates without having to advertise. However, the percentage of internal
applicants is low
Even though the percentage is low, organisations cannot
ignore self applicants as they might prove to be good employees at a later
date.
(c) Proposed by staff
Existing staff usually can suggest candidates who are
really qualified.
Organisations can encourage them to continue the effort
of searching for the right candidate by giving bonuses for each successful
employment. The risk of this sort of employment is nepotism, which is the
tendency to propose their own family member.
(d) Executive Search Firms
This source assists employers in searching for a suitable
employee to fill the job offered. The fee rate is normally 30% - 40% of the
annual salary of the position that needs to be filled. For senior executive
positions, payment is usually made by the organisation hiring the particular
executive search firms.
(e) Higher Learning Institutions (Public and Private)
Through institutions, the potential candidates are young,
and formerly
trained but they are having less experience.
(f) Professional Organisations
Usually, professional organisations can help its members
get jobs as this is one of the benefits of joining such organisation.
(g) Public Employment Agencies
Public employment agencies such as Labor Department can
help job applicants to look for jobs which are suited to their qualifications.
(h) Private Employment Agencies
Normally, private employment agencies will charge a
certain, fixed rate to help applicants look for jobs. Fee may be paid by the
job seeker or potential employer.
) Agencies Providing Temporary Will
Normally, these types of agencies provide temporary
workers to employers who require temporary workers, such as letter dispatcher.
(j) Employee Leasing
Employee leasing is an employee who has been retrenched
or dismissed by an organisation, then hired by another company that offers
employee leasing services to those interested companies.
(k) Internet Recruitment
The internet is a source of recruitment that is
increasingly popular.
Applicants can surf a certain website to register online.
(l) Employees Union
Employees union is a good source to obtain employees for
certain positionsnin the supporting level.
External recruitment has a few advantages. Among them
are:
(a) When an employee is promoted or resigns from an
organisation, his or her position must be filled. If his or her successor is
chosen from within the organisation, then the successor’s position must also be
filled. Successions must be ongoing if an organisation does not plan to reduce
its number of employees.
(b) External recruitment is also done for the purpose of
injecting new influence into an organisation so that the existing work culture
can be stimulated.
However, in implementing external recruitment process,
the position of the labour market, be it tight or loose, and a candidate’s
preparedness to transfer must be considered. The labour market is an area where
candidates can be recruited. To attract the interest of applicants, the
organisation must identify the types of jobs and its suitability to the
applicants.
RECRUITMENT
Reviewed by Kamaruddin Mahmood
on
12:29:00 PG
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